Broselow tape 20079/15/2023 ![]() The data on the performance of the Ralston method was obtained from the paper in which it was described. The length-segment data for the Broselow tape was obtained from a recent systematic review on the tape. ![]() In order to provide a standard against which to compare the PAWPER XL-MAC system, a similar process was followed to obtain weight estimations using two versions of the Broselow tape (the 2007B and 2011A editions), using the length data only. The excel formula can be found in the Supplementary material (S1 file). These values were incorporated into an excel formula which then automatically calculated the estimated weights. The cut-off values of mid-arm circumference for each length-division of the PAWPER XL-MAC tape have been published previously. PAWPER XL-MAC weight estimations were generated from the dataset using the available measurements of length (or height) and mid-arm circumference for each child. These were calculated for each child using a custom-designed spreadsheet formula based on the WHO BMI-for-age growth chart data. Weight, height, and MAC measurements were standardized and performed by teams of trained researchers.Īlthough the weight-for-age, height-for-age and weight-for-height z-scores were available in the dataset, the BMI and BMI-for-age Z-scores were not. The data collection methodology was consistent across the surveys. The data included the country of origin, year of collection, sex, measured weight, length (or height), mid-arm circumference, weight-for-age Z-score, height-for-age Z-score and weight-for-age Z-score. The number of data points differed slightly from the study by Ralston et al as some of the shared data required permissions from the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and was not included in this study (83,150 children). The data was collected over a period of 25 years, from August 1992 to May 2017 and contains information on 1,717,172 children aged from 6 to 59 months. The dataset contains data from 2,434 nutritional anthropometric surveys from 51 low- and middle-income countries. A full description of the dataset can be found in the article by Ralston et al from which it was obtained. It was shown to be more accurate than the Broselow tape but has not been compared to other contemporary dual length- and habitus-based systems. It is essentially a (still theoretical) device with three side-to-side tapes: one to estimate the weight of “normal” children (MAC>125mm), one for “moderately wasted” children (MAC from 115 to 125mm) and one for “severely wasted” children (MAC<115mm). The Ralston tape was designed following a study using this dataset. Although the tape performed very well in children of all weight categories, it would be of great value to further evaluate the system in a population of much younger children from low- and middle-income countries. The PAWPER XL-MAC tape was developed and validated using a combined National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) survey dataset from the USA. The user should be familiar and well-practised with the tape before using it in a resuscitation situation. The final step is to read off the estimated weight in the appropriate length segment based on the measured mid-arm circumference (Panel D). The second step is to measure the child’s mid-arm circumference using the tape (Panel C). The user thus identifies into which length segment the child falls. The first step is to measure the length of the child from his/her head to his/her heel (Panels A and B). There are three steps to the use of the PAWPER XL-MAC tape. ![]() This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. įunding: The author(s) received no specific funding for this work.Ĭompeting interests: Although I am the developer of the PAWPER tape, I derive no financial or commercial benefit from the tape. ![]() This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.ĭata Availability: The dataset is available online. Received: JAccepted: DecemPublished: January 7, 2019Ĭopyright: © 2019 Mike Wells. PLoS ONE 14(1):Įditor: Yacob Zereyesus, Kansas State University, UNITED STATES Citation: Wells M (2019) A validation of the PAWPER XL-MAC tape for total body weight estimation in preschool children from low- and middle-income countries. ![]()
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